Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger died on the night of Wednesday, Nov. 29th at 100 years of age. He will be remembered as one of the most legendary statesmen and notorious warmakers of the twentieth century.

Born in Germany to Jewish parents, Henry Kissinger’s family immigrated to the United States in 1938 following the rise of political antisemitism in his native country. Henry became a naturalized citizen and joined the US Army in WWII, serving as a German interpreter. He went on to obtain a PhD at Harvard and worked there for a number of years as a professor, becoming the Associate Director of the Department of Government and Center for International Affairs in 1957.

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Then began Kissinger’s formal political career. He worked as a consultant for various government agencies specializing in foreign policy, including the National Security Council, the State Department, and the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. In 1968, President Richard Nixon picked Kissinger to be his National Security Adviser, and then broke precedent by appointing him to serve as Secretary of State while letting him retain his former role. Kissinger remained in both jobs after Nixon was replaced with President Gerald Ford following the Watergate scandal. He played a significant role in the opening of China to the world market and in the Yom Kippur War.

While a highly controversial figure, Kissinger remained an important outside advisor to every presidential administration since (with the humorous exception of Biden, who said he knows as much as Kissinger on foreign policy). He leaves behind his wife of 50 years, his two children, and five grandchildren.

For readers too young to remember him and what he stood for, we have collected some of his top quotes to show the best and worst of this polarizing individual.

1) “The illegal we do immediately, the unconstitutional takes a little longer.”

Kissinger employed this statement many times amid the fallout from the Watergate scandal, when Richard Nixon was caught spying on his political opponents. As one journalist put it, Kissinger liked to agree to accusations with blunt statements of agreement in order to make reporters laugh, disarming them with his wit and charm.

2) “Military men are dumb, stupid animals to be used as pawns for foreign policy.”

Kissinger allegedly said this to General Alexander Haig, Nixon’s Chief of Staff (and later Ford’s) according to Bob Woodward’s and Carl Bernstein’s 1976 book The Final Days: The Classic, Behind-the-Scenes Account of Richard Nixon’s Dramatic Last Days in the White House.

Henry Kissinger, left, President Richard Nixon’s national security adviser, and Le Duc Tho, member of Hanoi’s Politburo, are shown outside a suburban house at Gif Sur Yvette in Paris, June 13, 1973, after a negotiation session, as Kissinger announced that they will later initial an agreement intended to tighten enforcement of the Vietnam Peace Agreement. Kissinger, the diplomat with the thick glasses and gravelly voice who dominated foreign policy as the United States extricated itself from Vietnam and broke down barriers with China, died Wednesday, Nov. 29, 2023. He was 100. (AP Photo/Michel Lipchitz, File)

3) “Power is the ultimate aphrodisiac.”

Kissinger offered this as an explanation as to why he was voted “the man I would most like to go out on a date with” in a poll of Playboy Club Bunnies in 1972. Kissinger was a notorious womanizer in the 1970s, regularly getting paired with Hollywood starlets by show business executives. Nicknamed “Super K” at the time, books from the period like Kissinger: The Adventures of Super-Kraut as well as biographies written later like Walter Isaacson’s 1992 Kissinger retell the escapades this homely PhD had with the fair sex.

4) “I don’t see why we need to stand by and watch a country go communist due to the irresponsibility of its people. […] The issues are much too important for the Chilean voters to be left to decide for themselves.”

Kissinger was the chairman of the CIA-backed effort to overthrow the new Chilean government of Marxist Salvador Allende. Allende wanted to ally the country with Cuba and nationalize American companies located in the country. General Augusto Pinochet led a coup and formed a capitalist dictatorship, and many soldiers under his command turned out to be on CIA payroll.

Kissinger was pursued by international human rights criminal courts for many years after he stepped down from these government positions. Which leads us to:

5) “It is an act of insanity and national humiliation to have a law prohibiting the President from ordering assassination.”

Kissinger allegedly said this at a National Security Council meeting in 1975. It is not exactly a mystery as to who Kissinger had in mind for advisor in this role.

Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, left, gestures to the audience in the East Room of the White House, Sept. 22, 1973, as President Richard Nixon watches, in Washington. (AP Photo, File)

6) “[Nixon] wants a massive bombing campaign in Cambodia. He doesn’t want to hear anything. It’s an order, to be done. Anything that flies or anything that moves. You got that?”

Kissinger said this on a Dec. 1970 phone call with Haig. Kissinger’s relentless and illegal (done without congressional approval) bombing of Cambodia is considered one of the worst war crimes he committed in the eyes of humanitarian critics. What made the matter even more indefensible in their eyes is the fact that its justification—deposing the influence of the communist Viet Cong—led to the rise of the bloodthirsty Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot. Despite Pol Pot being a murderous dictator, Kissinger later found it advantageous to make a deal with the Khmer Rouge, allowing them to continue their killing:

7) “How many people did (Khmer Rouge Foreign Minister Ieng Sary) kill? Tens of thousands? You should tell the Cambodians (i.e., Khmer Rouge) that we will be friends with them. They are murderous thugs, but we won’t let that stand in the way. We are prepared to improve relations with them.

Kissinger said this during a Nov. 26, 1975 meeting with a Thai foreign minister, according to a State Department record.

8) “The emigration of Jews from the Soviet Union is not an objective of American foreign policy. […] And if they put Jews into gas chambers in the Soviet Union, it is not an American concern. Maybe a humanitarian concern.”

This remark, which was recorded on Nixon’s White House tapes, reflects Kissinger’s commitment to the cold-hearted doctrine of Realpolitik, or Realism in foreign policy. Rather than push FDR-style democracy abroad in Deweyite-Wilsonian fashion, or pursue a Jacobin-like crusade against theocratic regimes like Bush Neoconservatives, Realists like Kissinger believed in pragmatically pursuing peace through a diplomatic balancing of powers, even if it meant ignoring atrocities abroad.

9) “A country that demands moral perfection in its foreign policy will achieve neither perfection nor security.”

This is the most authenticated quote in this list, as it was written by Kissinger himself in the pages of Foreign Affairs magazine. Again, for Kissinger stone-cold “realism” triumphed over moral idealism in matters of geopolitics—and in personal life. What was most important for Kissinger was national security and international peace, even at the expense of rights, privacy, and countless lives.

President Bill Clinton, left, and former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger laugh together after Clinton gave the closing remarks at a national policy conference, March 1, 1995, in Washington. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)

10) “It was a grave mistake to let in so many people of totally different culture and religion and concepts, because it creates a pressure group inside each country that does that.”

Kissinger made this comment just last month in light of the vast protests across the Western world in favor of Palestine and Hamas. This marked a surprising turn in the beliefs of a man who was instrumental in the globalization process that occurred since WWII.

When news of Kissinger’s death broke, social media users came out in droves with varied reactions, reflecting the wide spectrum of opinion on the actions of this man:

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